Policies for which Congress has obligated itself to pay a certain level of benefits based on a certain number of recipients are known as

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Entitlements are policies for which Congress has obligated itself to pay a certain level of benefits to all individuals who meet specific criteria, such as Social Security or Medicare benefits. Earmarks and pork refer to specific spending projects directed toward certain constituencies. Incremental expenditures refer to increases in spending over previous levels, but they do not necessarily involve a set number of recipients or a fixed benefit level. Welfare may refer to a specific set of programs aimed at providing assistance to low-income individuals, but it is not a comprehensive term for all policies involving government spending on social programs.

Policies for Which Congress Has Obligated Itself to Pay a Certain