What is believed to cause small openings in the stratum corneum and an increase in pore size?

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Cavitation is believed to cause small openings in the stratum corneum and an increase in pore size. This process involves the formation of vapor cavities in a liquid – i.e., small liquid-free zones ("bubbles" or "voids") – that are the consequence of forces acting upon the liquid. It typically occurs when a liquid is subjected to rapid changes of pressure that cause the formation of cavities where the pressure is relatively low. When subjected to higher pressure, these cavities, called "bubbles" or "voids", collapse and can generate shock waves that are strong enough to cause significant damage on surfaces or create small openings in the stratum corneum, thereby increasing pore size.

What Is Believed to Cause Small Openings in the Stratum