An initial change in the desired level of spending by firms,households,or government at a given level of real GDP is a(n):

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An autonomous change in aggregate expenditure is a change in the desired level of spending that is not caused by a change in real GDP or any other variable. It can be caused by factors such as changes in consumer confidence, government policy, or business investment plans. This is in contrast to a multiplier-induced change in spending, which is caused by changes in real GDP that lead to changes in income and ultimately changes in spending. Endogenous spending refers to spending that is determined within a model or system, while a budget surplus is a situation where government revenue exceeds government expenses.

An Initial Change in the Desired Level of Spending by Firms,households,or