What are Patricia Benner's five levels of proficiency in nursing?

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Patricia Benner's five levels of proficiency in nursing are novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert. These levels represent a progression of skills and knowledge as nurses gain experience and expertise in their practice. Option A refers to levels of educational and employment status, while option B includes some similar concepts but not in the same progression as Benner's model. Option D describes hierarchical levels of employment within healthcare organizations.

What Are Patricia Benner's Five Levels of Proficiency in Nursing