In a between-subjects experiment,assignment bias is a threat to

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Assignment bias refers to systematic differences in the characteristics of participants assigned to different conditions in a between-subjects experiment. This can threaten internal validity because it can lead to confounding variables that interfere with the ability to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between the independent and dependent variables. For example, if participants who are assigned to the treatment condition are systematically different from those in the control condition (such as being younger or having higher levels of education), any differences in the outcome measure could be due to these differences rather than the treatment itself. This could compromise the internal validity of the study. Assignment bias does not directly threaten external validity because it does not affect the generalizability of the findings to other populations or settings.

In a Between-Subjects Experiment,assignment Bias Is a Threat to