Anthropologist Louis Dumont argued that the caste system is maintained through:

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Dumont argued that the caste system is maintained through the widespread social consensus among different castes. According to him, each caste maintains a separate identity and hierarchical position through its own specific values, norms, and practices. This consensus is reinforced by religious beliefs, social customs, and economic practices, which allows the caste system to persist over time. While the power of the Brahmans, caste-changing rituals, and racial segregation may contribute to this maintenance, they are not the primary factors.

Anthropologist Louis Dumont Argued That the Caste System Is Maintained