The principal criticism of nineteenth-century theories of "unilineal evolution" is:

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The principal criticism of nineteenth-century theories of "unilineal evolution" is that they were ethnocentric, holding that Western society was superior to all others. These theories were based on the idea that all societies evolved through the same stages of development, with Western societies being the most advanced. This perspective ignored the diversity and complexity of non-Western societies and their achievements in various areas such as science, art, and politics.

The Principal Criticism of Nineteenth-Century Theories of "Unilineal Evolution" Is