According to Franz Boas, in order to conduct a historical particularist study of a society, one must adopt the notion of , or the belief that each society should be understood in terms of its own cultural practices and values.

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Cultural relativism is the belief that each society should be understood in terms of its own cultural practices and values. This perspective was promoted by Franz Boas, who argued against the idea of a universal progression of cultures towards modernity, which was the basis of the evolutionary theories of his time. Boas believed that each culture should be studied on its own terms, and that there was no inherent superiority or inferiority in any particular culture. This approach is essential for a historical particularist study, which seeks to understand the unique historical and cultural context of a society.

According to Franz Boas, in Order to Conduct a Historical