With the Retail Inventory Method, How Is the Total Beginning

With the retail inventory method, how is the total beginning inventory value used in the calculation of the cost-to-retail ratio for the current period under the following cost flow assumptions? $\begin{array}{llll}&\underline{\text { LIFO }} &\underline{ \text { Average Cost }} &\underline{ \text { FIFO} } & \\\text { I. } &\text { Exclude } & \text { Include } & \text { Include } \\\text { II. }&\text { Exclude } & \text { Exclude } & \text { Include } \\ \text { III. } &\text { Exclude } & \text { Exclude } & \text { Exclude } \\\text { IV. } &\text { Exclude } & \text { Include } & \text { Exclude } \end{array}$

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV