Tony's episodes of depression have not been relieved by antidepressant drugs or psychotherapy.If physicians decide,as a last resort,to administer the safest and least-invasive brain stimulation therapy to treat Tony,they would recommend

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rTMS (Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) is considered the safest and least-invasive brain stimulation therapy used in cases of treatment-resistant depression. It involves the use of magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain. Deep-brain stimulation is a more invasive procedure that involves the implantation of electrodes in the brain. Lobotomy is an outdated and controversial procedure that involves cutting or damaging parts of the brain. ECT (Electroconvulsive Therapy) is another brain stimulation therapy that is effective in treating severe depression, but it is more invasive than rTMS and can have more side effects.

Tony's Episodes of Depression Have Not Been Relieved by Antidepressant