In its application to phylogenetics, parsimony is a method that
A) helps distinguish ingroups from outgroups.
B) helps distinguish synapomorphies from homoplasies.
C) helps distinguish convergent evolution from evolutionary reversals.
D) attempts to maximize the number of homoplasies.
E) attempts to minimize the number of synapomorphies.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Parsimony is a method used in phylogenetics to infer evolutionary relationships based on the principle that the simplest explanation is the most likely. This method aims to identify the minimum number of evolutionary changes (i.e., synapomorphies) required to explain the observed data. In this context, parsimony helps distinguish synapomorphies (shared derived traits that indicate a common ancestry) from homoplasies (similar traits that evolved independently). Therefore, the best choice is B, as the other options are incorrect.

In Its Application to Phylogenetics, Parsimony Is a Method That