A mutation in a gene in which A is changed to G is called a _______, whereas a mutation of A to T is called a _______.The former type of mutation occurs at a _______ frequency than the latter.

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A mutation in which a purine base (A or G) is changed to another purine base (A to G or G to A) is called a transition, whereas a mutation of a purine base to a pyrimidine base (A to T, A to C, G to T, or G to C) is called a transversion. The frequency of transition mutations is typically higher than that of transversion mutations because the former involves a simpler chemical change.

A Mutation in a Gene in Which a Is Changed