The condition characterized by accumulation of yellowish plaques of cholesterol, lipids, and cellular debris in the inner layers of large- and medium-sized arteries is called:

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Atherosclerosis is specifically characterized by the accumulation of yellowish plaques of cholesterol, lipids, and cellular debris in the inner layers of large- and medium-sized arteries. Arteriosclerosis is a more general term referring to the hardening and thickening of arteries, which can be caused by various factors including atherosclerosis. Coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction can both be caused by atherosclerosis, but they are more specific conditions referring to blockages in the coronary arteries or damage to the heart muscle, respectively.

The Condition Characterized by Accumulation of Yellowish Plaques of Cholesterol