The Argument for Measuring Held-To-Maturity Debt Securities at Amortized Cost

The argument for measuring held-to-maturity debt securities at amortized cost and ignoring most changes in fair value during the contractual term of the debt is/are

A) changes in fair value are not relevant if the firm has the intention and ability to hold the securities to maturity.
B) firms would recognize impairment losses because of conservatism.
C) firms would recognize impairment losses because of impairments due to changes in default risk that reflect changes in the amount the investor is likely to receive.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above