In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the number of Two-Spirits declined due to __________.

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Contact with and pressure by Euro-American attitudes and practices contributed to the decline of Two-Spirits. Euro-American cultural ideals placed emphasis on a gender binary and heteronormativity, leading to the suppression and erasure of Two-Spirit identities and practices. Additionally, the forced assimilation of Native American children into Euro-American boarding schools further perpetuated this decline by punishing and prohibiting Two-Spirit behaviors.

In the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries, the Number