In situations where there is no environmental circumscription, Carneiro suggests that __________ explains the emergence of states.

Question

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According to Carneiro, a key factor in the emergence of states is the unequal distribution of resources across a landscape, which leads to competition and conflict between groups striving for control of those resources. This drives the development of more complex political organizations, including states, as a means of maintaining control over resources and exerting power over rival groups. Expansion of trade, consolidation of chiefly power by one family, and divine right may all be factors in the emergence of states in certain contexts, but they are not the primary factor identified by Carneiro in situations where there is no environmental circumscription.

In Situations Where There Is No Environmental Circumscription, Carneiro Suggests