Which of the Following Was Not a Factor That Increased

Which of the following was not a factor that increased public employees' desires for collective bargaining in the early 1960s?

A) Private unions had surpassed public employees' ability to lobby and affect employment changes.
B) The civil service system had become an employer personnel system.
C) Increased layers of bureaucracy had freed politicians from direct contact.
D) Tight budgets had decreased their numbers through layoffs and early retirement.