Simpson's paradox refers to the fact that
A) the direction of an association can reverse when we separate the data by the values of a third variable.
B) high correlation may not involve any cause-and-effect link between the variables.
C) the mean of a group of observations can be larger than all but one or two of the observations.
D) variables with a very strong curved relationship can have a correlation near zero.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Simpson's paradox occurs when the direction of an association between two variables reverses when the data are separated by the values of a third variable. It can be misleading and highlights the importance of considering all variables when analyzing data.

Simpson's Paradox Refers to the Fact That