Which of the Following Was the Result on Appeal in In Re

Which of the following was the result on appeal in In re Girolamo Afonica, the case in the text in which the debtor, without a certificate of title, transferred a vehicle securing a loan of over $11,000 to another party purportedly because the debtor's ex-wife objected to the presence of the car in the driveway?

A) That the debt was nondischargeable in bankruptcy because the debtor acted to defraud the bank.
B) That the debt was nondischargeable in bankruptcy because the debtor acted willfully and maliciously to cause injury to the collateral.
C) That the debt was nondischargeable in bankruptcy both because the debtor acted to defraud the bank and because the debtor acted willfully and maliciously to cause injury to the collateral.
D) That the debt was totally dischargeable in bankruptcy because proof of fraud was not established.
E) That because the debtor acted willfully and maliciously to cause injury to the collateral, only 50% of the debt was dischargeable.