When women have reason to believe that all or most of their offspring will survive into adulthood,they are less likely to have "extra" children to ensure a few survive.

Question

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This is a well-documented phenomenon known as the "insurance hypothesis," which suggests that when there is a lower risk of child mortality, women are less likely to have larger families as a means of ensuring that at least some of their offspring survive. Instead, they may choose to invest more in quality over quantity and focus on providing better care and opportunities for their existing children.

When Women Have Reason to Believe That All or Most