Which mode of entry involves a collaborative effort between firms on specific projects such as the sharing of laser printing technology between Canon and Hewlett Packard?

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Strategic alliances involve a collaboration between firms on specific projects, where they share resources and knowledge to achieve a common goal. The example given in the question of the sharing of laser printing technology between Canon and Hewlett Packard is a perfect example of a strategic alliance. Licensing involves allowing another firm to use your intellectual property for a fee, franchising involves granting a firm the right to use your business model and brand name, and turnkey projects involve providing a client with a fully functional facility or product. None of these modes of entry involve a collaborative effort between firms on specific projects like strategic alliances do.

Which Mode of Entry Involves a Collaborative Effort Between Firms