Shanda is afraid of failing one of her final exams, primarily because she thinks the professor gives hard exams, so no matter how much studying she does, it won't matter. Cognitive theorists would suggest that Shanda:

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Shanda's belief that the difficulty of the exam is out of her control suggests an external locus of control, which is a key concept in cognitive theory. A person with an internal locus of control would believe that their effort and abilities could influence the outcome of the exam, while Shanda believes that the difficulty of the exam is beyond her control.

Shanda Is Afraid of Failing One of Her Final Exams