The decree emancipating 22 million Russian serfs in 1861:

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While the decree emancipating Russian serfs in 1861 was a significant change, it was difficult to enforce and its effects were limited. The landowners were not compensated, and the serfs remained tied to their former masters through debts and obligations. The power of the peasant commune, or mir, was not significantly reduced, and while some former serfs became farmers, many remained agricultural laborers. The industrialization of Russia did not occur rapidly due to the emancipation decree.

The Decree Emancipating 22 Million Russian Serfs in 1861