How does Islam differ from Christianity in terms of their respective relationships between sacred and secular authority?

Question

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In Christianity, particularly in its development in the Western world, there has been a clearer distinction between the roles and authorities of the church (religious) and the state (secular). This separation has evolved significantly, especially after the Enlightenment and the development of secular democracies. Islam, historically, has often integrated religious and political governance, with religious leaders often also holding significant political authority, and Sharia law influencing the legal system in many Muslim-majority countries.

How Does Islam Differ from Christianity in Terms of Their