When a researcher finds a positive correlation between the amount of violent TV watched by school children and the number of violent outbursts by these same children, the researcher can safely conclude that TV viewing directly caused the violent outbursts.

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The results of correlational studies do not allow researchers to make cause-and-effect conclusions. Rather, correlational studies simply allow the researchers to conclude that the variables under study are related to each other.

When a Researcher Finds a Positive Correlation Between the Amount