Horizontal vibrations, such as induced by strike-slip faulting, S-waves and some types of surface waves are generally much more dangerous to tall buildings than vertical up and down ground shaking.

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Horizontal vibrations can cause much greater stress on tall buildings than vertical vibrations, as they can induce significant lateral forces and cause structural damage or collapse. This is why building codes and designs often take into account the effects of horizontal shaking and incorporate measures to mitigate them.

Horizontal Vibrations, Such as Induced by Strike-Slip Faulting, S-Waves and Some