What adaptations should one expect of the seed coats of angiosperm species whose seeds are dispersed by frugivorous (fruit-eating)animals, as opposed to angiosperm species whose seeds are dispersed by other means?
1)The exterior of the seed coat should have barbs or hooks.
2)The seed coat should contain secondary compounds that irritate the lining of the animal's mouth.
3)The seed coat should be able to withstand low pH's.
4)The seed coat, upon its complete digestion, should provide vitamins or nutrients to animals.
5)The seed coat should be resistant to the animals' digestive enzymes.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

For seeds dispersed by frugivorous animals, the seed coat adaptations are primarily aimed at surviving the digestive process to ensure successful dispersal. This includes being able to withstand the low pH of the animal's stomach (3) and being resistant to the digestive enzymes (5), ensuring that the seed can pass through the digestive system without being digested itself.

What Adaptations Should One Expect of the Seed Coats of Angiosperm