After his favorite football team lost an important game, Chuck commented that the coach should have known that the team's strategy would fail because of the opposition's strong defense. Chuck's comment BEST illustrates which of the following?

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Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon refers to the tendency to perceive an outcome as foreseeable or predictable after the fact, despite not having predicted it beforehand. Chuck's comment suggests that he believed the failure of the team's strategy was predictable, demonstrating the I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon. The bystander effect refers to the decreased likelihood of someone to intervene in a situation when others are present. The third-variable problem refers to the possibility that a correlation between two variables might be explained by the influence of a third variable. The overconfidence effect refers to the tendency to overestimate the accuracy of one's beliefs or predictions. None of these concepts apply to Chuck's comment as well as the I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon.

After His Favorite Football Team Lost an Important Game, Chuck