Erik Erikson believed that the second critical developmental challenge experienced by toddlers centers on the development of:

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According to Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the second critical developmental challenge experienced by toddlers (ages 1-3) is the stage of autonomy vs. shame and doubt. During this stage, toddlers are learning to assert their independence and develop a sense of self-control. If they are successful, they will develop a sense of autonomy and confidence in their abilities. If they fail or are overly criticized, they may experience shame and doubt about their abilities and become mistrustful of themselves and others.

Erik Erikson Believed That the Second Critical Developmental Challenge Experienced