The nurse explains to a preconception class that if only a small volume of sperm is discharged into the vagina, an insufficient quantity of enzymes might be released when they encounter the ovum. In that case, pregnancy would probably not result, because:

Question

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Sperm release enzymes that are crucial for penetrating the zona pellucida, the protective outer layer of the ovum. If an insufficient quantity of sperm (and thus enzymes) is present, sperm may fail to penetrate this barrier, preventing fertilization.

The Nurse Explains to a Preconception Class That If Only