Of the following, which is most typical of an independent variable in a causal-comparative study?
A) Mathematics achievement.
B) Time to complete a problem.
C) Amount of content learned from instructional materials.
D) Type of instructional treatment administered.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

In a causal-comparative study, the independent variable is often a pre-existing characteristic of the participants or a treatment that has already been administered. Out of the given options, only "type of instructional treatment administered" (choice D) fits this criterion. The other options are not necessarily pre-existing and may be affected or influenced by the dependent variable.

Of the Following, Which Is Most Typical of an Independent