According to research on the sequencing of infant emotions, _____ appears to be necessary for the appearance of all complex emotions.

Question

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Self-recognition appears to be necessary for the appearance of all complex emotions, according to research on the sequencing of infant emotions. This is because the development of self-recognition is closely tied to the development of a sense of personal identity and agency, which are necessary for understanding and experiencing complex emotions such as pride, shame, guilt, and embarrassment. Object permanence, social referencing, and rule awareness are also important developmental milestones in early emotional development, but they are not directly related to the emergence of complex emotions.

According to Research on the Sequencing of Infant Emotions, _____