Although both qualify as evolutionary theories, modern evolutionary theory differs from ethology in its description of the biological basis for adaptive behaviors. A modern evolutionary theorist would argue that an adaptive behavior is one that

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Modern evolutionary theory focuses on the passing on of genes from generation to generation rather than the survival of the individual organism. Therefore, an adaptive behavior is one that enhances the chances of an individual passing on its genes to future generations.

Although Both Qualify as Evolutionary Theories, Modern Evolutionary Theory Differs