A basic distinction between the views of Freud and Erikson is that

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Freud believed that humans are driven by unconscious and innate instincts and that their behavior is primarily shaped by their early experiences. He viewed children as passive beings who are dependent on their parents for their physical and emotional needs. In contrast, Erikson believed that humans are active and adaptive creatures who actively seek out challenges and opportunities for growth. He viewed development as a lifelong process that involves a series of psychosocial crises, each of which presents an opportunity for growth and transformation. Unlike Freud, Erikson believed that individuals have the capacity to shape their own destinies and to exert control over their own lives.

A Basic Distinction Between the Views of Freud and Erikson