The method of test construction that requires test developers to begin with a clear-cut conceptualization of a trait and write items to assess that conceptualization is the ________________ method.

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The rational/theoretical method of test construction requires the test developers to have a clear understanding of the trait being assessed and to write items that directly relate to that trait. It is a top-down approach that is based on theory and research, and is commonly used to create tests assessing personality traits or intelligence.

The Method of Test Construction That Requires Test Developers to Begin