June Is Trying to Read Her Psychology Text and Finds

June is trying to read her psychology text and finds that she cannot tune out background noise of the library,the way the chair is uncomfortable on various parts of her body,the hum of the heating vents,pencil scribbles on the desk,the light on the computer plug that flashes,the whir of her laptop fan,and her own breathing.It could be said that June lacks __________ that would allow her to only attend to the information she needs for decision making and minimize the rest.

A) bottom-up processing
B) schemas
C) cognitive economy
D) disconfirmation strategies