The extent to which we can draw cause-and-effect inferences from a study is called
A)face validity
B)construct validity
C)external validity
D)internal validity

Question

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Internal validity refers to the extent to which a study can establish a cause-and-effect relationship between two variables. Other types of validity (face, construct, and external) are focused on different aspects of the study, such as how well it measures what it intends to measure (construct validity), how well it generalizes to other populations (external validity), or how well it appears to measure what it intends to measure (face validity).

The Extent to Which We Can Draw Cause-And-Effect Inferences from a Study