When the sample size is 10 percent or more of the population size,the standard error formulas will overestimate the standard deviation of the population mean or proportion.Hence,these should be adjusted by a finite population correction factor.

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When the sample size is large enough (10 percent or more of the population size), the standard error formulas will overestimate the standard deviation of the population mean or proportion because the sample size is no longer considered small enough to be considered a random sample. This requires the use of a finite population correction factor to adjust the standard error formula.

When the Sample Size Is 10 Percent or More of the Population