The inferences that link sample characteristics and population parameters are estimation procedures and tests of hypotheses.

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Estimation procedures and tests of hypotheses are two common methods used to make inferences about population parameters based on sample characteristics. Estimation procedures involve using sample statistics to estimate population parameters, while hypothesis tests involve using sample data to make inferences about the likelihood of certain population values or relationships. Both methods involve making educated guesses or conclusions about the population based on information gathered from the sample.

The Inferences That Link Sample Characteristics and Population Parameters Are