The perinatal nurse is caring for a woman in the immediate postbirth period.Assessment reveals that the woman is experiencing profuse bleeding.The most likely etiology for the bleeding is:

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Uterine atony is marked hypotonia of the uterus.It is the leading cause of after birth hemorrhage.Uterine inversion may lead to hemorrhage,but it is not the most likely source of this patient's bleeding.Furthermore,if the woman is experiencing a uterine inversion,it would be evidenced by the presence of a large,red,rounded mass protruding from the introitus.A vaginal hematoma may be associated with hemorrhage.However,the most likely clinical finding would be pain,not the presence of profuse bleeding.A vaginal laceration may cause hemorrhage,but it is more likely that profuse bleeding would result from uterine atony.A vaginal laceration should be suspected if vaginal bleeding continues in the presence of a firm,contracted uterine fundus.

The Perinatal Nurse Is Caring for a Woman in the Immediate