A Patient Recovering from Abdominal Surgery Is Refusing Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

A patient recovering from abdominal surgery is refusing hydromorphone (Dilaudid) because she has heard that it may be addictive. She is crying and rates her pain at 10 out of 10. What statements should the nurse include as part of the patient's education?

A) There is little to no risk of addiction when taking narcotics for pain.
B) Untreated pain can result in poor wound healing.
C) Patients with uncontrolled pain have an increased risk of blood clots.
D) Dehydration can result from poorly managed pain.
E) Family members will not want to visit patients showing visible signs of pain.