A preschooler is diagnosed with helminths.The child's mother is very upset and wants to know how her child could have contracted this illness.After obtaining a detailed history,the nurse identifies all possible transmission modes.What do they include? (Select all that apply.)

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Common helminths include roundworm,pinworm,tapeworm,and hookworm.Children are frequently infected as the result of frequent hand-mouth activity (unwashed hands,nail biting,not washing hands after using the toilet)and the likelihood of fecal contamination from sandboxes (especially if dogs and cats deposit fecal material in them).Other causes include not adequately washing fruits and vegetables before eating them and drinking contaminated water.Skin-to-skin contact with other children and scratches from a cat are not trAnswermission modes for helminths.

A Preschooler Is Diagnosed with Helminths