Which of the Following Does Not Accurately Describe Purchasing Power

Which of the following does not accurately describe purchasing power gains and losses.

A) Purchasing power gains and losses arise because monetary items gain or lose purchasing power as the price level changes.
B) Purchasing power gains and losses are part of SFAS No. 157's income measurement system.
C) Purchasing power gains and losses are determined by measuring the purchasing power of the monetary items and comparing it with the actual amount of the net monetary accounts.
D) All systems of both general purchasing-power-adjusted income and current value income include purchasing power gains and losses as an element of income.