The relationship between church and state in Europe throughout the Middle Ages was complicated. In what ways did the political revival of secular monarchies affect the church, and how did church reform efforts affect the secular monarchies? Which benefited more, the church or the secular rulers?

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The Answer of The relationship between church and state in Europe throughout the Middle Ages was complicated. In what ways did the political revival of secular monarchies affect the church, and how did church reform efforts affect the secular monarchies? Which benefited more, the church or the secular rulers?

The Relationship Between Church and State in Europe Throughout the Middle