Mikhail Gorbachev, who became the leader of the Soviet Union in 1985, tried to reform the Communist system through perestroika, or

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Perestroika refers to economic restructuring in the Soviet Union, which Gorbachev viewed as necessary for the country's continued survival and prosperity. Gorbachev intended for perestroika to create a more efficient and productive economy by loosening state controls on industry and allowing more private enterprise. However, it ultimately contributed to the collapse of the Soviet Union as Soviet citizens became more aware of the economic problems facing their country.

Mikhail Gorbachev, Who Became the Leader of the Soviet Union