How did the urban working class change in the latter half of the nineteenth century?

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The latter half of the nineteenth century saw the emergence of semiskilled groups of workers who had some training and specialized knowledge, but not the expertise of highly skilled artisans. This blurred the traditional distinction between skilled and unskilled workers, and created a more diverse and complex working class.

Answer: C
 While some skilled artisans remained in the working class, the trend was for them to achieve upward social mobility and join the ranks of the middle class. This was partly due to the availability of better-paying jobs in the expanding industrial and service sectors, and partly due to the cultural and social prestige associated with being a "white-collar" worker.

Answer: D
 The labor aristocracy, or the privileged group of skilled, unionized workers who earned higher wages and enjoyed better working conditions than most other workers, did decline in the latter half of the nineteenth century. However, their positions were not necessarily replaced by mechanized factory labor, as many new jobs were created in transportation, communications, and other service industries.

How Did the Urban Working Class Change in the Latter