Under which of the following circumstances would a study of the effectiveness of different forms of psychotherapy have high internal validity?

Question

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Internal validity refers to the extent to which a study can confidently attribute changes in the dependent variable to the independent variable being studied, rather than extraneous factors. Therefore, a study of the effectiveness of different forms of psychotherapy would have high internal validity if patient improvement can be attributed to the psychotherapy, and not to other factors. Option A is incorrect, as statistical significance does not necessarily indicate high internal validity. Option B is incorrect, as confounding variables would lower internal validity. Option C is incorrect, as generalizability to other types of patients is a matter of external validity, not internal validity.

Under Which of the Following Circumstances Would a Study of the Effectiveness