While visiting your niece in the hospital, you see several other very young children. You observe one young child who is placid and smiles often, whereas another child seems to be very active and fussy. Such differences in style are often described as reflections of

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The observed differences in style between the two young children suggest different temperaments. Temperament refers to an individual's characteristic patterns of emotional reactivity and self-regulation, which are thought to be largely biologically based. Imprinting involves the rapid and irreversible development of a preference for a particular object or individual, usually occurring in animals shortly after birth. Motivation refers to the factors that drive behavior, such as needs, desires, and incentives. Affiliation refers to the desire to establish and maintain social connections with others. While these factors may each contribute to behavior, they are not as directly related to observed differences in style as temperament.

While Visiting Your Niece in the Hospital, You See Several