When is a diagnosis of substance abuse warranted, according to the DSM-IV?

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According to the DSM-IV, a diagnosis of substance abuse is warranted when a person repeatedly has problems in at least one of the four diagnostic categories (impairment in social, occupational, or recreational activities; recurrent use in physically hazardous situations; legal problems related to substance use; and continued use despite having persistent or recurring social or interpersonal problems) during a 12-month period. Substance dependence, on the other hand, requires the presence of three or more symptoms of a maladaptive pattern of substance use over a 12-month period, including tolerance, withdrawal, a loss of control over use, and continued use despite associated problems.

When Is a Diagnosis of Substance Abuse Warranted, According to the DSM-IV