The difference between "insanity" and "competency" is that insanity

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Insanity involves a person's state of mind at the time of the crime, while competency relates to a person's ability to stand trial and understand and participate in legal proceedings. Insanity is a mental health term that can be used in a legal context, while competency is solely a legal category. The consequences of insanity can be severe, including confinement in a mental hospital or imprisonment, while competency determines a person's ability to undergo trial. The criteria for insanity are often complex and depend on various factors, while the criteria for competency are more clear-cut.

The Difference Between "Insanity" and "Competency" Is That Insanity